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  • Home
  • Database
    • Search Railroad Database
    • Search Coal Database
    • Searching hints
    • Abbreviations and terms
    • Nations and states
    • Frequency (rarity) system
    • Missing images
    • Celebrity autographs
      • Celebrity images
  • Certificates 101
    • Numbering explained
    • Certificate types
      • Stocks
        • Types of stock certificates
        • Typical denominations
        • Glossary of stock terms
        • Stock certificate terminology
      • Bonds
        • How bonds work
        • Primary bond types
          • Mortgage bonds
          • Gold bonds and frauds
          • Aid bonds
          • Equipment trusts
        • Bond features
        • Obscure bond features
        • Coupons
        • Glossary of bond terms
      • Other certificates
        • Certificates of deposit
        • Dutch fund certificates
        • Fractional stocks and bonds
        • Other security-related receipts
        • Scrip
        • Subscription and assessment receipts
        • Temporary stocks and bonds
        • Transfer receipts
        • Warrants
      • Specimens and proofs
    • Cataloging
      • Countries
      • Companies
        • What is recorded
        • Company names
        • Numbering
        • Rules for listing
        • Industries that used rail
        • What about utilities?
        • Mysteries
        • Non-railroad companies
      • Certificates
        • Information recorded
        • Numbering varieties
        • Cancellations
        • Serial numbers
        • Dates
        • Autographs
    • Collecting autographs
    • How to identify varieties
      • Alterations
      • Colors
      • CUSIP
      • State seals
        • State seal finder
      • Dates
      • Flyspeck sub-varieties
    • Pricing varieties
      • Estimating prices
      • Meaning of estimates
        • Price paradox
      • Autographs
      • Condition
      • Grading
      • Hoards
      • Issuance
      • Low serial numbers
      • Rarity
        • Rarity myth
      • Revenue imprints
      • Specimens and proofs
      • Pricing new certificates
      • Price index
      • Prices out of line
    • General glossary
    • Creating securities
      • Engraving and etching
      • American Bank Note Co
      • Printers
      • Generic certificates
    • References
      • Auctions and mailbids
      • Price lists
      • Price guides
      • Books
      • Companies
      • Engraving and securities
      • Collector contributions
  • Buying/Selling
    • Collecting
      • Handling
      • Specialization
      • Managing collections
      • Displaying
      • Preservation
      • Insuring
      • Organizations
      • Restoration
    • Buying
      • Auctions
      • Professional dealers
      • Dealers list
      • eBay
      • Uninformed promotions
    • Selling
      • Auctions
      • Dealers
      • Donating
      • eBay and auction sites
    • Security values
  • Related subjects
    • Articles & newsletters
      • Cox's Corner
      • Coxrail newsletters
    • Scanning certificates
      • Quick scan hints
      • Getting acceptable results
      • Scanners
      • Scanning software
      • Scanning resolution
      • Auto exposure
      • Show-through & yellowing
      • Large certificates
      • Pixels dots & samples
      • What is 24-bit color
      • Caution when re-sizing
      • File formats
    • Image manipulation
      • What software to use
      • Adjust exposure
      • Remove yellow
      • Straighten images
      • Fix misshapen images
      • Sharpening
    • Rail-related
      • Land grants
      • Ninth Street Bee Line
      • Railroad geology guides
      • Railroad magazines
        • Railroad Magazines
        • Trains Magazines
      • Timeline of events
      • Puck millionaire satires
    • Certificate-related
      • Bond reconstruction
    • Off-topic
      • Million dollar bill
      • Herbert Bourne
  • About
    • Search
    • Coxrail site map
    • Contact
    • Project purpose
    • How to help
    • Biography

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