Scanning certificates

Scanning as "art"

Beginners: please read Quick Scan Hints. I know you want to get started fast, You will find several quick and dirty hints.

For the rest of you, click one of the links at left and start learning some of the nuances of scanning certificates.

I receive numerous inquiries about how to scan certificates. I have scanned tremendous numbers of railroad passes, newspapers, sheet music, maps, lab sheets, documents, magazines and reports and I still consider myself only moderately experienced. When it comes to making good scans of certificates, I suggest it is often more art than science.

To most people, scanning is a dark science. Like most endeavors, the more you know, the less mysterious it becomes. Yes, there is a certain art involved, but I think a large chunk of art is knowing what you want and knowing ways of getting there. Scanning demands experimentation. If you are going to get good at scanning certificates, you will need to experiment. In fact, I beg you to experiment. Learn something new and then come back and share it with me.

Introduction

I've divided my discussions of certificate scanning into small pieces. You will find discussions weave back and forth between the subject of scanning and the related subject of photo manipulation (photo editing.) Read as much or as little as you want. Come back to this page when you want to learn more. 

Computing changes so quickly that I need to keep discussions fairly general so information does not age quickly. I will target my discussions and suggestions specifically toward scanning certificates because most are different that your typical typed document or family photo.

Let's experiment

If you have already started scanning certificates, then you probably have noticed a few peculiarities already. Whether you have started scanning or are only considering, I'll let you in on some observations right now.

Take one of your cleanest, brightest, most attractive certificates. It will likely be one with the latest dates, but not necessarily. Pretend the certificate belongs to someone else and look at it as dispassionately as you can. How white is the paper? How flat is the paper? Is the border rectangular? Is a printer name visible? And clearly readable? If there is a vignette, hold the certificate at arm's length and consider the image critically. Does it look realistic? Does it look like a black and white photo? Is the shading too dark or too light?

Now make a scan at 300 dots per inch (about 118 dots per centimeter.) Save the file normally and then open the image in your favorite image viewer. If you don't have a "favorite viewer," right click on the file name and open with Chrome, Internet Explorer, Chrone or Firefox. (I STRONGLY suggest you get an image viewer and the best I have ever found is Irfanview. It is FREE.)

Now compare the real certificate with the scanned image. I bet the image on your monitor and the certificate in your hand look different. Acceptable but different. I suspect that:

• the scanned image will look more yellow
• the vignette will be more "contrasty," meaning the the blacks are more black and the image does not look as realistic as the certificate
• hold the certificate up to the screen and I suspect the color of the borders will be noticeably different

No doubt, you will see more differences

Differences are to be expected

• Only expensive scanners can be calibrated.
• I strongly doubt your monitor is calibrated. Both scanner and monitor add their own color bias. Even if the devices are calibrated, eyes of different ages and sexes perceive colors differently. Even more difficult to calibrate is the human brain.
• You are probably sitting in a lighted room, lit by LED, fluorescent or incandescent bulbs. They are imparting their own colors onto your certificate that the scanner is not seeing.

I point out these factor to help you realize there are many variables out of your control. Searching for the "perfect" scan is a losing proposition. It is tilting at windmills. No matter how good you get, perfection will be grow increasingly elusive. It is one thing if you are being paid to scan images for Architectural Digest, Vanity Fair or some other top-flight slick magazine. It is entirely another if you are scanning for your own benefit. Don't drive yourself crazy.

Why scan?

Insurance records – Good electronic records will help you recover your costs of collecting in case of fire, flood, tornado, hurricane, landslide, theft or some other catastrophic loss. First consult your insurance agent to be sure that home or rental insurance covers your collection. If not, join the American Numismatic Association (ANA) and acquire specalized collection insurance. Yes, smartphine photos might suffice, but maybe not if an insurance company demands item-specific appraisals

Estate planning – Why not leave your heirs some sort of guide to your collection in the event you die before liquidating your collection on your own terms? The ANA also has a helpful booklet titled, Managing & Settling a Numismatic Estate: How to preserve or dispose of a coin collection. Whle ostensibly written for numismatists, it is equally applicable to scripophilists.

Liquidation – If considering selling to a dealer or selling through a professional auction house, it will be very easy to send scanned images of your entire collection without incurring a penny's worth of packing, postage and insurance. You will probably need to send the collection at some point, but I don't see any sense in sending before a dealer or auction house shows interest. 

Display – Personally, I really hate to see real certificates hung on walls. No, I don't have a problem if someone wants to frame a $5 certificate and hang it on a wall behind a desk next to the door in a coffee shop. If one of those certificates gets knocked off or stolen, who cares? But if a certificate is realtively pricey, then why not have a professional print one of your scans on decent looking paper? Then you can matte it, frame it and talk about it with no risk of it being burned by the sun or faded by ultaviolet light. If the copy fades, print another.

Contribution to this project – Over 180 collectors have already contributed one to over 2,000 images for use on this website. You can be one. And if you want, ask me to show the world your name.